server_configuration

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server_configuration [2021/01/13 14:51] – created davidserver_configuration [2021/04/14 08:59] (current) – [Detail Pages] david
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-For the hosting of this wiki, my blog [[http://datablog.roman-halliday.com/|Rows Across The Lake]] and other things, I have a VM web host. +====== Server Configuration - Virtual Host ====== 
 + 
 +For the hosting of this wiki, my blog [[http://datablog.roman-halliday.com/|Rows Across The Lake]] and other things, I have a VM web host. Inspired by my migration efforts, I'm documenting the changes and challenges for next time. 
 + 
 +Some useful notes from the first server are hidden away under [[server:initial_setup]] (access limited for security reasons).
  
 ====== Hosting Provider ====== ====== Hosting Provider ======
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 See: See:
  
-  * [[server_configuration:apache]] +  * [[server configuration:apache]] 
-  * [[server_configuration:firewall]] +  * [[server configuration:firewall]] 
-  * [[server_configuration:email]]+  * [[server configuration:email]] 
 +  * [[server configuration:cron]] 
 +  * [[server configuration:wiki]] 
 +  * [[server configuration:sftp]] 
 +  * [[server configuration:postgres]] 
 +  * [[server configuration:squid]]
  
-====== Bulk To sort ======+Also (for me): 
 +  * [[server configuration:video notes]]
  
-<code> +====== Server Migration ====== 
-Aim: Create a new Ubuntu Instance & migrate existing droplet data to it +The original server was an older Ubuntu box, overdue to migrate.
-- https://datablog.roman-halliday.com/+
  
 +Aim: Create a new Ubuntu Instance & migrate existing droplet data (WordPress) to it: https://datablog.roman-halliday.com/
  
-Alternative... might have saved me hours! 
-- https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-upgrade-to-ubuntu-20-04-focal-fossa 
  
 +Options were:
 +  - Create a new droplet (VM) and migrate site(s) and services:
 +    - DigitalOcean Community Documentation: [[https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorial_series/how-to-migrate-to-a-new-linux-server|How To Migrate to a New Linux Server]]
 +    - Start from scratch, build fresh without so much history/rubbish in the background
 +    - So time consuming!
 +  - Upgrade server in place
 +    - Why didn't I try this! It would have saved me a lot of time!
 +    - Alternative... might have saved me hours!
 +    - Didn't try
 +    - Some advice suggested that the droplet might not have upgraded cleanly
 +    - DigitalOcean Community Documentation: [[https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-upgrade-to-ubuntu-20-04-focal-fossa|How To Upgrade to Ubuntu 20.04 Focal Fossa]]
  
-IP Challenge +===== Prepare for migration =====
-- https://www.digitalocean.com/community/questions/how-to-transfer-ip-to-new-droplet +
-- https://www.digitalocean.com/community/questions/how-do-i-transfer-an-ip-address-between-droplets+
  
-Setting up the new WordPress - Ubuntu 20.04 
-- https://marketplace.digitalocean.com/apps/wordpress?utm_medium=marketplace&utm_source=marketplace&utm_campaign=marketplace&utm_content=no_image#getting-started 
  
-Introduction:  +==== IP Address & DNS Records ====
-- Digital Ocean - Referral link: https://m.do.co/c/bb281f2fae53 (Everyone you refer gets $100 in credit over 60 days. Once they’ve spent $25 with us, you'll get $25. There is no limit to the amount of credit you can earn through referrals.) +
-- Broad offerings +
-- Droplets - Like AWS EC2 +
-- Volumes  - Like AWS S3 +
-- What I have (Old Ubuntu): I wanted to do it all myself +
-- What I want to do: New Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (WordPress 5.5.1 already installed, save time)+
  
-Prepare for migration +I wanted to migrate the PI so I didn't have to make DNS changes, and so that I could quickly and easily switch between servers. But it wasn't to be: 
-- DNS: 3600 seconds = 1 hour   Days before migration so that changes will be picked up faster without overdoing it +  * https://www.digitalocean.com/community/questions/how-to-transfer-ip-to-new-droplet 
--        60 seconds = 1 min    Day of migration - Ready to switch to shorter/migration +  * https://www.digitalocean.com/community/questions/how-do-i-transfer-an-ip-address-between-droplets
--     86400 seconds = 24 hours Good operational normal+
  
-Get configuration +So instead I had to make DNS changes, pointing the names to the new IPs. First prep step is to manage the Time To Live for DNS records. My TTL recommended times: 
-- https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-migrate-linux-servers-part-1-system-preparation +<code> 
-#System version+   60 seconds =  1 min   : Day and Time of migration 
 + 3600 seconds =  1 hour  : Day(s) before migration 
 +86400 seconds = 24 hours : Good operational normal 
 +</code> 
 + 
 +==== Get configuration ==== 
 + 
 +Following advice from: 
 +  * DigitalOcean Community Documentation: [[https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-migrate-linux-servers-part-1-system-preparation|How To Migrate Linux Servers Part 1 - System Preparation]] 
 + 
 +<code bash> 
 +# System version
 uname -r uname -r
 uname -m uname -m
  
-which service +# Services & If they are running
-#Services+
 service --status-all service --status-all
 #Firewall #Firewall
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 ufw status verbose ufw status verbose
  
-How To Secure Apache with Let's Encrypt on Ubuntu 20.04 +# More 
-- https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-secure-apache-with-let-s-encrypt-on-ubuntu-20-04+service --status-all | more 
 +</code>
  
-Backup +==== Backup ====
-- Blessed are the paranoid for they test their backups +
-Backup old Blog +
-- Blessed are the paranoid for they test their backups+
  
-Volume to transfer data (yes I can SFTP etc... between droplets/environments, but this also serves as a backup) - https://www.digitalocean.com/docs/volumes/ +> Blessed are the paranoid for they test their backups
-- Show create +
-- Mount           -- https://www.digitalocean.com/docs/volumes/how-to/mount/ +
-- Format +
-- Copy to backup  +
-- Unmount+
  
-Create New Droplet +Yes I can SFTP etc... between droplets/environments, but this also serves as a backup for some time.
-- Point to instructions: https://cloud.digitalocean.com/marketplace/5ba19759c472e4189b34e066?i=40c396 +
-- Install & configure+
  
-Configure Droplet +  * Backup old using a volume: [[https://www.digitalocean.com/docs/volumes/|DigitalOcean Volumes]] 
-- The WordPress One-Click Quickstart guide: https://do.co/34TfYn8#start +  * Mount the volume: https://www.digitalocean.com/docs/volumes/how-to/mount/
-- Rows Across The Lake+
  
-SFTP +===== New Environment ===== 
-- SFTP: https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-setup-sftp-server-on-ubuntu-20-04-focal-fossa-linux +==== Create New Droplet ====
-- https://www.howtogeek.com/50787/add-a-user-to-a-group-or-second-group-on-linux/ +
-- https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-use-sftp-to-securely-transfer-files-with-a-remote-server +
-- https://wordpress.org/support/topic/the-session-allows-sftp-connections-only/+
  
-- WordPress backup/export +Saving time (haha) by using a WordPress preconfigured droplet: 
- - https://wpengine.com/resources/migrate-wordpress-site/ +  * Droplet Instructions: https://cloud.digitalocean.com/marketplace/5ba19759c472e4189b34e066?i=40c396 
- - duplicator: +  * Install & configure: The WordPress One-Click Quickstart guide: https://do.co/34TfYn8#start
-  - https://www.wpbeginner.com/wp-tutorials/how-to-move-wordpress-to-a-new-host-or-server-with-no-downtime/#setupduplicator +
-  - https://snapcreek.com/duplicator/docs/quick-start/?utm_source=duplicator_free&utm_medium=wordpress_plugin&utm_content=package_built_install_help&utm_campaign=duplicator_free#quick-040-q +
- - All-in-One WP Migration +
-  - https://wpengine.com/resources/migrate-wordpress-site/#All-in-One_WP_Migration +
-  - https://help.servmask.com/knowledgebase/all-in-one-wp-migration-user-guide/ +
-  - http://datablog.roman-halliday.com/wp-admin/plugin-install.php?tab=plugin-information&plugin=all-in-one-wp-migration&TB_iframe=true&width=600&height=550+
  
-- WordPress is requiring FTP credentials before installing plugin +==== Basic Configuration ==== 
-- https://wordpress.org/support/topic/wordpress-is-requiring-ftp-credentials-before-installing-plugin/ +As root 
-  +<code bash> 
-- https://help.servmask.com/2018/10/27/how-to-increase-maximum-upload-file-size-in-wordpress/+# create a user for me 
 +adduser david
  
-https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-secure-apache-with-let-s-encrypt-on-ubuntu-20-04+# Add my user to sudo 
 +groupadd david sudo 
 +</code>
  
 +<code bash>
 +# Update
 +sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
 +</code>
  
 +==== SFTP ====
  
 +Basic SFTP was already available/configured in the box. 
 +==== Firewall ====
  
-- Mount +Worth looking at more detailed notes on my [[server_configuration:firewall]] configuration. 
-- Restore files for WordPress + 
-- migrate configuration & blog +The firewall is already configured by DigitalOcean in my choice of droplet (Ubuntu 20.04 with WordPress). However if other services are to be added (in my case yes) the [[https://ubuntu.com/server/docs/security-firewall|Ubuntu firewall]] needs to be configured. See below for some extra documentation links I referred to: 
-  - Move apache base location + 
-ll+  * HowTo Geek: [[https://www.howtogeek.com/115116/how-to-configure-ubuntus-built-in-firewall|How to Configure Ubuntu’s Built-In Firewall]] 
 +  * Ubuntu Documentation: [[https://ubuntu.com/server/docs/security-firewall|Ubuntu firewall]] 
 + 
 +==== Configure Apache & WordPress ==== 
 + 
 +In general, follow scripts/prompts when first SSH into droplet. 
 + 
 +See [[server_configuration:apache]] for all details. By default for one WordPress instance, with no other sites or clever stuff, no other changes need to be made. 
 + 
 +==== WordPress Migration ==== 
 + 
 +General guides 
 +  * https://wpengine.com/resources/migrate-wordpress-site/ 
 +  * https://www.wpbeginner.com/wp-tutorials/how-to-move-wordpress-to-a-new-host-or-server-with-no-downtime/ 
 + 
 +=== All-in-One WP Migration === 
 +This worked amazingly: 
 +  * https://wpengine.com/resources/migrate-wordpress-site/#All-in-One_WP_Migration 
 +  * https://help.servmask.com/knowledgebase/all-in-one-wp-migration-user-guide/ 
 + 
 +I had to make a change: 
 +  * https://help.servmask.com/2018/10/27/how-to-increase-maximum-upload-file-size-in-wordpress/ 
 + 
 +The two values need to be larger than the file size ''post_max_size'' and ''upload_max_filesize''. 
 + 
 +In the interface, the value which is shown as the "Maximum upload" is (for some reason) ''post_max_size''. 
 + 
 +Edit the ''.htaccess'' file, under: ''/var/www/roman-halliday.com/datablog'' 
 + 
 +<file txt .htaccess> 
 +php_value upload_max_filesize 256M 
 +php_value post_max_size 200M 
 +php_value memory_limit 256M 
 +php_value max_execution_time 300 
 +php_value max_input_time 300 
 +</file> 
 + 
 +After upload, it' possible to delete/rename this file to reset settings to default. 
 + 
 +WordPress is requiring FTP credentials before installing plugin 
 +  * https://wordpress.org/support/topic/wordpress-is-requiring-ftp-credentials-before-installing-plugin/ 
 + 
 +Modify file: ''wp-config.php'' to have the line: 
 +<code> 
 +define('FS_METHOD','direct'); 
 +</code> 
 +<code bash> 
 +chown -R ../ www-data:www-data /var/www 
 +</code> 
 + 
 + 
 +=== Duplicator === 
 +I didn't use as it migrated all the WordPress files and had some fun and games with registration: 
 +  * https://www.wpbeginner.com/wp-tutorials/how-to-move-wordpress-to-a-new-host-or-server-with-no-downtime/#setupduplicator 
 +  * https://snapcreek.com/duplicator/docs/quick-start/? 
 + 
 + 
 +==== Restore Files ==== 
 + 
 +<code bash> 
 +# Mount (if not already) 
 +mount -o discard,defaults,noatime /dev/disk/by-id/scsi-0DO_Volume_volume-lon1-01 /mnt/volume_lon1_01 
 + 
 +# Create Target 
 +mkdir -p /var/www/roman-halliday.com/ 
 +cd /var/www/roman-halliday.com/ 
 + 
 +# Copy to Target 
 +cp -R /mnt/volume_lon1_01/disk_backup/var/www/roman-halliday.com/romanian . 
 +cp -R /mnt/volume_lon1_01/disk_backup/var/www/roman-halliday.com/wiki . 
 + 
 +# Fix permissions: 
 +chown -R ../ www-data:www-data /var/www 
 +</code> 
 + 
 + 
 +====== Bulk To sort ====== 
 + 
 +<code>
 Other Stuff (cover fast, future blog post) Other Stuff (cover fast, future blog post)
 - Wiki(s) - Wiki(s)
 - Mailbox - Mailbox
-- SFTP? +- Firewall 
-- Firewall -- https://ubuntu.com/server/docs/security-firewall +- Hostname -- https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/ubuntu-change-hostname-command
-           --  +
-           --  +
-- Hostname -- https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/ubuntu-change-hostname-command/ +
 </code> </code>
  
-====== NOTES ======+====== Notes for screen recording ====== 
 +Tips for OBS Studio, note aiming for things to look good in ''1080p''.
  
 +Check/visualise how many columns in putty output:
 <code bash> <code bash>
 for n in {1..8}; do for i in {1..10}; do echo -n ${i: -1}; done; done; echo "" for n in {1..8}; do for i in {1..10}; do echo -n ${i: -1}; done; done; echo ""
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 - Log: C:\Users\david\Documents\Hosting\PUtty Logs\ - Log: C:\Users\david\Documents\Hosting\PUtty Logs\
  
-Taskbar settings:+Windows Taskbar settings (so it's not shown in screen being recorded):
 - Lock taskbar: Off - Lock taskbar: Off
 - Show taskbar on all displays: Off - Show taskbar on all displays: Off
 - Move to other screen - Move to other screen
 </code> </code>
  • server_configuration.1610549479.txt.gz
  • Last modified: 2021/01/13 14:51
  • by david